Weapon system consisting of multi-segment barrel and fluid-driven spinning projectile, and method

ABSTRACT

The present invention relates to a multi-section barrel, fluid-propelled spinning ammunition, as well as a weapon system formed by them. The multi-section barrel adjusts the interaction between barrel and projectile through barrel shape to improve range and precision; the fluid propels the self-selected projectile to guide the fluid through and twist the projectile by arranging volute holes or volute grooves at the rear or tail of the projectile, so that the projectile forms spin through the action of the fluid without relying on rifling; the projectile can be used in combination with multi-section barrel, which can improve performance and reduce cost simultaneously.

TECHNICAL FIELD

The present invention relates to a weapon system which is provided witha volute groove or volute hole at the rear or tail of a projectile andis matched with a multi-section barrel, involving barrel weapons such asguns, cannons and the like as well as the field of military industry.

BACKGROUND TECHNOLOGY

Currently, the vast majority of barrel weapon systems are basicallyrifled bore weapon systems, except for a few types of smooth boreweapons such as large caliber smooth bore guns.

The rifled bore weapon system makes the projectile rotate through theextrusion and friction of rifling with it, thus realizing the stabilityof the projectile in flight. But this method will inevitably producesevere friction and cutting between the projectile and the rifling,resulting in a decrease in the kinetic energy of the projectile exit.Meanwhile, the bulge of the rifling makes it difficult for the barrel tobe sealed by the projectile or the bearing band, thus leaking propellantgas and further resulting in energy loss. Moreover, the bulge of therifling also makes the barrel not high in bearing capacity, difficult tomanufacture, high in cost and short in service life. Especially, thehuge friction and cutting often make the barrel reddening easily duringcontinuous firing. Once reddening, the rifling becomes soft and cannotcontinue cutting and squeezing the projectile, and as a result, theprojectile cannot rotate, and the ballistic quality decreases rapidly.

Therefore, the present invention furnishes a technical scheme: through aweapon system which is provided with a volute groove or volute holes atthe rear or tail of the projectile and is matched with a multi-sectionbarrel, the projectile can spin through fluid-propelled, thus avoidingsevere friction and cutting with rifling, enabling propellant energy tobe converted into projectile kinetic energy as much as possible,reducing barrel cost, and increasing service life and fire durability.

Meanwhile, based on the current technical schemes of various shelledprojectiles, a new type of shelled projectile, a shooting system and ashelling method are invented while combining them with the saidtechnical schemes.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Technical Problems

Currently, the projectile keeps its flying posture and reduces itsresistance principally by rotation, while the projectile rotation onlydepends on the extrusion and friction of rifling. This method hasvarious shortcomings, but it has been used for hundreds of years becauseit is difficult to find other ways to effectively rotate the projectilewhile ensuring sufficient initial speed.

The present invention attempts to adopt a new barrel structure,projectile structure and method, and by relying on the principle offluid mechanics rather than the principle of mechanical action betweenbarrel and projectile, allow fluid to propel and twist the projectile,and make the projectile to have sufficient advancing speed and rotatingspeed, so as to avoid energy loss resulting from severe friction,extrusion and cutting with rifling, lower the difficulty of barrelprocessing, decrease costs and prolong service life.

Simultaneously, since there is a huge interaction between the barrel andthe projectile in the existing barrel weapon system, the interactionwill not be released suddenly until the projectile is injected from thebarrel orifice. The sudden change of the stress state of the projectilewill often affect the motion posture and trajectory of the projectile,generate the intermediate trajectory, and further affect the accuracy ofthe point of impact. The present invention attempts to gradually releasethe stress state of the projectile through a new barrel structure,thereby avoiding the adverse influence on the posture and trajectory ofthe moving projectile caused by the sudden change of the stress state ofthe projectile, and reducing or even eliminating the intermediatetrajectory. Moreover, the barrel structure can also release part of thefuel gas in advance, thus avoiding the disturbance of the reaction forceon the barrel when a large amount of fuel gas is suddenly releasedcentrally at the muzzle after being blocked by the projectile.

Besides, the tail through holes also furnish a new flight stabilitymode, which is a new flight stability mode apart from the two technicalmeans of tail and rotation, and this stability mode of tail holes can becombined with the tail mode and rotation mode respectively to realizecomposite stability and improve stability efficiency. While as is knownto all, it is usually difficult to combine the two stability modes oftail and rotation.

Apart from that, it is well known that for a one-section barrel with aconsistent caliber widely used at present, when ammunition isdetermined, it is not that the longer the barrel, the longer the range,but when the length of the barrel exceeds a certain limit, the longerthe barrel, the lower the range. Therefore, for a one-section barrel, agiven ammunition can only form a fairly good match with a barrel with acertain length, and cannot be matched with a barrel with significantdifference between the lengths of two barrels at the same time. If thematch is forced, it is not so much that the ammunition can be matchedwith these two kinds of barrels at the same time as that it cannot bematched with these two kinds of barrels well. At present, gununification has dominates the trend on a global scale, and it has becomea global trend to uniformly supply ammunition with different barrellengths and uses for the same gun unification. Under this situation, ithas become a worldwide problem to adapt one ammunition to differentbarrel lengths. Since there is indeed a contradiction between one kindof ammunition and barrel of various lengths, the contradiction must beadjusted by introducing new variables, otherwise the problem cannot besolved by simply adjusting the performance of the ammunition. Thepresent invention adjusts and determines the contradiction betweenammunition and barrel of different lengths by introducing differentbarrel shapes, thus solving the problem of adaptation between one kindof ammunition and barrel of various lengths.

Furthermore, by solving the above-mentioned technical problems andcombining the existing projectile sabot technology to form a tapersleeve structure by setting corresponding tapers in the projectile sabotcavity and the tail of the projectile core, a simpler shelledprojectile, a shooting system and a direct backward shelling method areinvented to further solve the problems of the current shelledprojectile, which has complex projectile sabot, complex connection modeof projectile cores on the projectile sabot and complex shelling mode,resulting in high cost and affecting the accuracy of the projectilecore.

SOLUTIONS TO PROBLEMS Technical Solutions

The present invention principally includes:

1. A fluid-propelled spinning projectile, wherein volute grooves or/andvolute holes (or oblique holes) are symmetrically or uniformly arrangedaround the axis of the said projectile or projectile core at the rear ortail of the projectile or projectile sabot, and the volute holescomprise through holes or/and blind holes. When the fluid passes throughthe said volute grooves or/and volute through holes, the said projectileis propelled to generate spinning.

The said volute grooves or volute holes are symmetrically or uniformlyarranged around the axis of the projectile or projectile core, and thenumber is 2 or more. Each surface of the volute grooves, including apressure surface or a suction surface, can be a plane or a curvedsurface, and the said curved surface includes bending in one or moredimensions; the said volute hole is an inclined hole, and the crosssection of the hole includes various forms, such as a circle, an ellipseor other forms. One orifice of the hole is at the bottom surface or thetail or the rear side surface of the projectile. When passing throughthe projectile and passing through another part, the volute throughholes is formed, and when not passing through, the volute blind hole isformed. The axis of the hole is bifacial with the axis of the projectileand forms an angle, and if necessary, the angle can be zero degree, andthen the axis of the hole is coplanar with the axis of the projectile.The form includes a straight hole or a curved hole, i.e., the axis is astraight line or a curve, and the curve may be a bend in one or moredimensions, i.e., the bend of the bending hole includes a bend in one ormore dimensions;

The diameters of various parts of the volute hole can be varied. Thesaid projectile includes various bullets and shells, as well astorpedoes and missiles propelled and fired by various fluids.

2. A fluid-propelled spinning projectile, comprising a filler to blockthe said volute grooves or volute through holes; the said filler can berapidly decomposed at high temperature to unblock the said volutegrooves or volute through holes and guide fluid, such as propellant gas,to pass therethrough to propel and twist the projectile; or energeticmaterials are arranged in the said volute blind holes, and the burningrate of the said energetic materials is not higher than the propellantused by the projectile so as to continuously burn and inject gas andthus propel and twist the projectile.

3. A fluid-propelled spinning projectile, comprising a passive armorlayer and a steel core, or only a steel core, namely the so-calledall-steel projectile.

4. A fluid-propelled spinning projectile, wherein part or all of thesaid steel core or all-steel projectiles are subject to treatment; thesaid treatment including one or more of cladding, coating and heattreatment, which is used to change the properties of the steel coresurface, including one or more of plasticity, elasticity, tightness,degree of finish, friction coefficient and corrosion resistance.

5. A fluid-propelled spinning projectile, wherein, on the projectilesurface, one or more bearing bands or bulges similar to the bearingbands are arranged around an axis, volute grooves or volute throughholes symmetrically or uniformly arranged around the said projectileaxis are positioned at the rear of the bearing bands or bulges, or passthrough all or part of the bearing bands or bulges from below.

6. A fluid-propelled spinning projectile, wherein, in the said volutegrooves or volute through holes, it blocks the said volute grooves orvolute through holes by squeezing the bearing band; when the saidbearing band is recovered, the said volute grooves or volute throughholes are unblocked, and fluid flows through the said volute grooves orvolute through holes to propel the projectile forward or rotate.

7. A multi-section barrel or varied-diameter barrel, comprising SectionA and Section B or/and Section C, or Section B, or Section B and SectionC; the Section A, Section B and Section C are rifled bore barrels orsmooth bore barrels, the said Section A forms a tight fit with some orall of the projectiles, including interference fit; the diameter of thesaid Section C is larger than that of the said Section A, and formsclearance fit with some or all of the said projectile, and the diameterof the said Section B gradually increases.

The said Section A may also be referred to as a precursor section, thesaid Section B may also be called as a transition section, and the saidSection C may also be named as a twisting section or a clearance fitsection.

The transition between the said precursor section and the twistingsection may be a step transition, a slope transition, an arc-shapedsurface transition, or another curved surface transition to graduallyenlarge the diameter of the barrel. The above-mentioned varioustransitions refer to the curve of the transition section in thecross-axis section of the said transition section, which is simplyreferred to as the transition curve, presenting a step, a slop, an arc,or another curve.

The length of the said transition section can be selected based on needsand relevant calculations and experiments, which may be either very longor very short. The said transition section can be very long up to thevicinity of the orifice of the barrel. If necessary, the barrel can alsoinclude only the precursor section and the transition section.

8. A multi-section barrel, wherein a throat shrinkage section of it canbe followed by a throat section after Section A. The said throatshrinkage section refers to that the diameter of the barrel is firstreduced, then restored or continuously expanded.

9. A weapon system using a smooth bore barrel and a fluid to propelspinning projectile, comprising a fluid-propelled spinning projectileand a smooth bore barrel; the said fluid-propelled spinning projectileis fired through the said smooth bore barrel, and the said smooth borebarrel comprises a fixed-diameter smooth bore barrel or a multi-sectionsmooth bore barrel.

10. A weapon system using a rifled bore barrel and a fluid-propelledspinning projectile, comprising a fluid-propelled spinning projectileand a rifled bore barrel; the said fluid-propelled spinning projectileis fired through the said rifled bore barrel, and the said smooth borebarrel comprises a fixed-diameter smooth bore barrel or a multi-sectionsmooth bore barrel.

11. A weapon system using a multi-section barrel to firenon-fluid-propelled spinning projectiles, comprising a multi-sectionbarrel and non-fluid-propelled spinning projectiles, wherein the saidnon-fluid-propelled spinning projectiles are fired through the saidmulti-section barrel, and the said non-fluid-propelled spinningprojectiles comprise gun projectiles of various calibers which are firedby the barrel, rotate by rifling, as well as projectiles which arestabilized by tail fins without rotation, such as projectiles of tailfin-stabilized shelled projectiles and the like.

12. A weapon system for firing fluid-propelled spinning projectilesthrough a multi-section barrel, including a barrel and projectiles,wherein the barrel is a multi-section barrel, the projectiles arefluid-propelled spinning projectiles, and the said fluid-propelledspinning projectiles are fired through the said multi-section barrel.

13. A weapon system for firing fluid-propelled spinning projectilesthrough a multi-section barrel, wherein volute through holes or voluteblind holes on the said fluid-propelled spinning projectiles are one ora combination of volute grooves, volute through holes and volute blindholes, and one or more of volute grooves, volute through holes andvolute blind holes can be combined on a projectile.

14. A fluid-propelled spin-stabilized cone-tail shelled ammunition,comprising a projectile sabot and a projectile core, wherein,

the tail of the said projectile core is a taper with a thick front and athin rear, or a tapered frustum with a thick front and a thin rear;

The said projectile sabot is symmetrically or uniformly arranged aroundthe said projectile core or the axis of the projectile sabot, and thewhole projectile sabot is hollow or cup-shaped and comprises abottom-leaking cup-shaped one and a hollow or cup-shaped one, whereinthe hollow part of the bottom-leaking cup-shaped one is provided with ataper with a thick front and a thin rear corresponding to the tail ofthe projectile core; the said projectile sabot is sleeved on theprojectile core from rear to front like a taper sleeve, and is shelledto the rear of the projectile core after being unloaded from the bore;and the bottom-leaking cup-shaped structure refers to that there arethrough holes or grooves for air permeability at the bottom of the cup.

A fluid-propelled spin-stabilized cone-tail shelled ammunition,comprising:

A projectile sabot and a projectile core, wherein the rear or tail ofthe projectile sabot is symmetrically or uniformly provided with volutegrooves or/and volute holes around the axis of the projectile or theprojectile core.

The said volute holes comprise volute through holes or/and volute blindholes which are symmetrically or uniformly arranged around the axis ofthe projectile or the said projectile sabot. The arrangement mode of thesaid volute grooves or volute holes is the same as the before-mentionedmodes, and the number of the volute grooves or volute holes is 2 ormore. The pressure surface and the suction surface of the volute groovescan both be planar or curved surfaces; the said curved surface includesa bend in one or more dimensions; the said volute holes may be 2 or morein the form of straight holes or curved holes, and the bending of thecurved holes includes bending in one or more dimensions.

16. A spin-stabilized cone-tail shelled ammunition, comprising aprojectile sabot and a projectile core, wherein there is a binderbetween the projectile sabot and the projectile core, including anenergetic binder, and the adhesive strength of the said binder isrelatively small or rapidly decreases or disappears at hightemperatures.

The whole of the said projectile sabot is hollow or cup-shaped,including a bottom-leaking cup-shaped one, and the hollow part of thesaid projectile sabot is provided with a taper with a thick front and athin rear corresponding to the tail of the projectile core.

At this time, the bottom of the cup can bear the thrust of propellantgas to propel the projectile core, and the bottom can also be providedwith air-permeable through holes or grids to prevent vacuum from beinggenerated between the said projectile sabot and the said projectile coreduring shelling, thus affecting the smooth shelling.

17. A fluid-propelled spin-stabilized cone-tail shelled projectile,wherein the bottom or/and the walls of the projectile sabot are made ofelastic materials.

When a cup-shaped structure is adopted, including a bottom-leakingcup-shaped structure, elastic materials can also be used for the bottomor/and the walls of the projectile sabot, so that in the process ofpropelling the projectile core by the projectile sabot in the bore, thebottom of the projectile sabot generates compressive stress, theprojectile sabot generates deformation, the gas thrust disappears afterbeing discharged from the bore, the pressure between the bottom of theprojectile sabot and the projectile core and the deformation of theprojectile sabot still exist, so that the projectile sabot and theprojectile core can propel each other, while the bottom of theprojectile sabot propels the projectile core forward, the projectilesabot shells backward, like a catapult ejecting projectiles andcompleting the shelling together with wind resistance.

18. A fluid-propelled spin-stabilized cone-tail shelled projectile,wherein there are pits at the bottom of the said projectile core, andbulges at the bottom of the projectile sabot to push into the pits.

19. A fluid-propelled spin-stabilized cone-tail shelled projectile,wherein the pit at the bottom of the projectile core has a taper, andthe bulge at the bottom of the said projectile sabot has a tapercorresponding to the pit of the projectile core; or keys and keyways orsimilar bulges and grooves are arranged on the surfaces of the saidbulges and pits; or the said pits and bulges are processed into acylindrical shape, and internal or external guide splines or similarstructures are set on the cylindrical pits and bulges, the said internaland external guide splines move relatively for a limited position alongthe axial direction, and can be freely pulled out when moving reverselyalong the axial direction; or air-leakage through holes or grooves arefurther arranged on the bulges at the bottom of the said projectilesabot, and the said internal and external guide splines can also beprocessed with taper, so that the projectile sabot can be pulled out inreverse motion and has a limited position in relative motion.

20. A fluid-propelled spin-stabilized cone-tail shelled projectile,wherein there are two or more pits at the bottom of the said projectilecore and bulges at the bottom of the projectile sabot, which areuniformly or symmetrically arranged around the axis of the saidprojectile core or projectile, and each bulge at the bottom of the saidprojectile sabot corresponds to a pit at the bottom of the saidprojectile core, or air-permeable through holes or grooves are furtherarranged on the bulges at the bottom of the said projectile sabot.

When the cup-shaped structure including the bottom-leaking cup-shapedstructure is adopted, bulges and grooves of similar keys and keyways arearranged on the surfaces of the bulges and pits to prevent slippagebetween the projectile core and the projectile sabot and smoothly twistthe projectile core. The conical tail shelled projectile has theadvantages that the stressed bulges or grooves, including the volutegrooves and volute holes, are all in the pits at the bottom of theprojectile core or on the projectile sabot, so that the surfacestructure of the projectile core is not damaged while ensuring thesmooth twist of the projectile core, maintaining the aerodynamic shapeof the projectile core to the maximum extent and securing the range andprecision of the projectile core.

21. A fluid-propelled spin-stabilized cone-tail shelled projectileweapon system, comprising a multi-section barrel, and a spin-stabilizedcone-tail shelled projectile.

22. A weapon system for firing sub-caliber non-fluid-propelled spinningprojectiles with spin-stabilized cone-tail shelled projectiles,comprising a multi-section barrel and a spin-stabilized cone-tailshelled projectile, wherein the core of the said spin-stabilizedcone-tail shelled projectile comprises non-fluid-propelled spinningprojectiles of various sub-calibers.

23. A projectile spinning method, comprising fluid-propelled spinningprojectiles; the said fluid-propelled spinning projectile is propelledor/and twisted by the said fluid flowing through the volute grooveor/and volute holes on the spinning projectile.

24. A projectile spinning method, wherein,

a fluid-propelled spinning projectile, enabling propellant energy to bedistributed between precursor energy and rotation energy of theprojectile or/and determining the rotation direction of the projectileby selecting parameters of the fluid-propelled spinning projectile.

Parameters of the said fluid-propelled spinning projectile include,without limitation, one or more of the number, diameter, height, length,various inclination angles, radians, curvatures, shapes and positions ofvolute grooves or volute holes.

A multi-section barrel method, comprising Section A, Section B or/andSection C or Section B or Section B and Section C; Section A, Section Band Section C are rifled bore barrels or smooth bore barrels; the saidSection A forms a tight fit with some or all of the projectiles used,including interference fit; the diameter of the said Section C is largerthan that of the said Section A, and forms clearance fit with some orall of the said projectiles; and the diameter of the said Section Bgradually increases.

A multi-section barrel method, wherein by selecting the parameters of amulti-section barrel, the propellant energy is distributed between theprecursor energy and the rotation energy of the projectile, or theresistance and the twisting force generated by the fluid during theflight of the projectile are adjusted, or/and the rotation direction ofthe projectile is determined;

The parameters of the said multi-section barrel include, but are notlimited to, one or more of the total length of the barrel, the length ofthe precursor section, the length of the twisting section, the length ofthe transition section, the transition curve, and the size and shape ofthroat shrinkage.

27. A shelling method for spin-stabilized cone-tail shelled projectiles,wherein

1) The tail of the said projectile core is a taper with a thick frontand a thin rear, or a tapered frustum with a thick front and a thinrear;

2) The said projectile sabot is symmetrically or uniformly arrangedaround the said projectile core or the projectile axis, and the wholeprojectile sabot is hollow or cup-shaped and comprises bottom-leakingcup-shaped and hollow or cup-shaped ones, and the hollow part comprisingthe bottom-leaking cup-shaped one is provided with a taper with a thickfront and a thin rear corresponding to the tail of the said projectilecore;

3) The said projectile sabot is like a taper sleeve, which is sleeved onthe said projectile core from rear to front and shelled to the rearafter being unloaded from the bore.

The length and taper of the tapered part of the projectile core and theprojectile sabot can be set based on needs to ensure that the contactsurface between the projectile sabot and the projectile core has enoughfriction force so as to facilitate the projectile sabot to smoothlytwist the projectile core.

28. A shelling method for spin-stabilized cone-tail shelled projectiles,wherein

The rear or tail of the said projectile sabot is symmetrically oruniformly provided with volute grooves or volute holes around the axisof the projectile core or the projectile axis.

The projectile sabot is symmetrically designed around the axis, aprojectile or a projectile core axis at the bottom or the rear is takenas the center, 2 or more volute grooves or volute holes aresymmetrically or uniformly arranged around the projectile or theprojectile core axis in the manner described above, and the pressuresurface and the suction surface of the volute grooves can be both planaror curved surfaces; the said volute through holes can be two or more,and the form includes straight holes or curved holes, and the bending ofthe curved holes includes bending in one or more dimensions.

When the projectile is in the bore, due to the propelling of the closedpropellant, the projectile sabot is tightly pressed on the projectilecore like a taper sleeve, and the projectile core is twisted through thefriction force between the projectile sabot and the projectile core whenpassing through the twisting section;

When the projectile leaves the gun muzzle, as the wind resistance of theprojectile sabot is much larger than that of the projectile core, allthe existing projectile sabots have various joyriding designs atpresent, and due to the symmetry of the projectile sabot, the projectilesabot can move towards the rear of the projectile core, therebyrealizing shelling; and besides, because of the taper with a thick frontand a thin rear, the shelling process has little influence on theprojectile core. The said front and the rear of the present invention,except for special points, all take the warhead as the front and theprojectile bottom as the rear.

29. A shelling method for spin-stabilized cone-tail shellingprojectiles, wherein there is a binder arranged between the saidprojectile sabot and the said projectile core, and the adhesive strengthof the said binder can be rapidly reduced or disappeared at hightemperature. On the one hand, the method facilitates transportation, andon the other hand, the shelling will not be affected.

A shelling method for spin-stabilized cone-tail shelled projectiles,wherein there are pits at the bottom of the said projectile core, andbulges at the bottom of the projectile sabot to push into the pits. Thesaid projectile sabot adopts a hollow structure and a cup-shapedstructure, including a bottom-leaking cup-shaped structure or apushpin-shaped structure. The said projectile sabot is arranged on thesaid projectile core from rear to front, and shelling is completed fromfront to rear after it is unloaded from the bore.

A method for firing fluid-propelled spinning projectiles by using asmooth bore barrel, comprising fluid-propelled spinning projectiles anda smooth bore barrel, wherein the said fluid-propelled spinningprojectiles are fired through the said smooth bore barrel, and the saidsmooth bore barrel comprises a fixed-diameter smooth bore barrel or avaried-diameter smooth bore barrel.

32. A method for firing fluid-propelled spinning projectiles with arifled bore barrel, comprising fluid-propelled spinning projectiles anda rifled bore barrel; the said fluid-propelled spinning projectiles arefired through the rifled bore barrel; and the said rifled bore barrelcomprises a fixed-diameter rifled bore barrel or a varied-diameterrifled bore barrel.

33. A method for firing fluid-propelled spinning projectiles by adoptinga multi-section barrel, wherein it fires the said fluid-propelledspinning projectiles through a varied-diameter barrel.

34. A method for firing non-fluid-propelled spinning projectiles byusing a multi-section barrel, comprising a multi-section barrel andnon-fluid-propelled spinning projectiles, wherein the said multi-sectionbarrel is used to fire the said non-fluid-propelled spinningprojectiles, and the said non-fluid-propelled spinning projectilescomprise gun and cannon projectiles of various calibers which are firedby the barrel, rotate by rifling, and projectiles which are stabilizedby a tail fin without rotation, such as projectiles of tailfin-stabilized shelled projectiles, etc.

35. A system of tailhole stabilization, wherein at the rear or tail ofan aircraft, volute grooves or/and volute through holes aresymmetrically or uniformly arranged around the axis of the aircraftcore, and the flight posture is stabilized by the action generated byfluid flowing through the said volute grooves or/and volute throughholes, the said volute grooves or/and volute through holes are 2 ormore, and the said aircraft is an object moving in a flow field.

36. A method of tailhole stabilization, wherein at the rear or tail ofan aircraft, volute grooves or/and volute through holes aresymmetrically or uniformly arranged around the axis of the aircraftcore, and the flight posture is stabilized by the action generated byfluid flowing through the said volute grooves or/and volute throughholes, the said volute grooves or/and volute through holes are 2 ormore, and the said aircraft is an object moving in a flow field.

PRINCIPLE DESCRIPTION

When the volute grooves or volute holes are volute through holes, in theinner trajectory part, in the precursor section of the multi-sectionsmooth bore barrel, at least a part of the projectile and the barrel aretightly matched, including interference fit, so that propellant gas canbe sealed to obtain sufficient precursor speed; in the twisting section,the projectile and at least a part of the barrel are in clearance fit,the propellant gas flow can flow through each volute groove or eachvolute through hole, and the axial force generated by it and the barrelare in the same direction and propel the projectile forward together;the radial forces generated by the projectiles cancel each other out,and the circumferential forces generated by the projectiles overlap eachother, so that the projectiles rotate around their axes in onedirection, thus realizing the spinning of the projectiles, which can belevorotatory or dextrorotatory. In the outer trajectory part, thesurface airflow of the projectiles flows through the said volute groovesor volute through holes from front to rear, or the projectiles can betwisted, and two methods can be selected based on needs.

When the said volute hole is a blind hole, only the rear end has anorifice, and the blind hole is filled with energetic materials with aburning rate not higher than the burning rate of the propellant used forfiring the projectiles, including gunpowder. The said energeticmaterials can be fixed in the blind hole by a binder, preferably anenergetic binder, such as collodion, etc. After firing, the energeticmaterials in the blind hole can continuously burn, which can not merelypropel the projectile forward in the driving section, but twist theprojectile in the twisting section. After exiting the bore, theprojectile can also be twisted, and the generated gas can supplement thevacuum behind the projectile and reduce the pressure drag before andafter the projectile.

BENEFICIAL EFFECTS OF THE INVENTION Beneficial Effects

Generally speaking, the specific beneficial technical effects of thetechnical scheme include one or more of the following contents:

1. As the interaction between the barrel and the projectile issignificantly reduced compared to the one-section smooth bore barrel orthe one-section rifled bore barrel, whether it is a multi-section smoothbore barrel or a multi-section rifled bore barrel, the energy ofpropellant gas can be more converted into the kinetic energy of theprojectile, thus improving the range under the same powder charge;therein, the multi-section rifled bore barrel can also be directlycompatible with fluid-propelled spinning projectiles and variousexisting projectiles, and enhance the performance of existingprojectiles.

2. The anti-pressure capability of the smooth bore barrel is far higherthan that of the rifled bore barrel, which is beneficial to prolongingthe service life of the barrel and developing more powerful ammunition,and the manufacturing difficulty of the smooth bore barrel is reducedwith low costs and long service life;

3. It is only necessary to replace the multi-section rifled bore barrelfor the existing weapon system, which can make the existing ammunitionhave a longer range and higher precision without any changes to theexisting ammunition;

4. Since the interaction between the barrel and the projectile issignificantly reduced compared to that of the one-section smooth borebarrel or the one-section rifled bore barrel, the barrel heating will besignificantly reduced, especially when firing continuously, the barrelis not easy to redden, and even if reddened, the impact on thetrajectory will be smaller, and the firepower continuity will be better.The multi-section smooth bore barrel is especially obvious, which isespecially important for the long-term continuous firing of machineguns, machine guns and other repressive weapons;

5. As the effect with the projectile is reduced, the heat generation isreduced, and the clearance at the rear end of the barrel is increased,which is also helpful for heat dissipation, so it can reduce theprobability of problems such as copper hanging, carbon deposition andthe like, and make maintenance simpler and easier;

6. As the interaction with the projectile is significantly reduced,especially for the multi-section smooth bore barrel, the acting forcebetween the barrel and the projectile is more stable, and it is nolonger the alternating force between the rifled barrel and theprojectile, so the muzzle jump during firing will be significantlyreduced, especially for continuous firing, so the firing precision willbe higher than that of the existing one-section smooth bore barrelweapon, and the muzzle stability during such firing is pretty valuablefor automatic weapons;

7. When the multi-section smooth bore barrel and fluid-propelledspinning projectiles are simultaneously used, and when the projectilesare twisted through the external ballistic airflow, the multi-sectionsmooth bore barrel has no rifling but smooth inner walls, so only theprecursor section interacts with the projectiles, and the acting forceis far less than that of the rifled bore barrel, and meantime, the innerwalls of the barrel coincide with the shape of the projectiles, so thepropellant gas can be sealed without large deformation, thus thestructural requirement on the projectile becomes simple. The relatedprocesses and materials of lead sleeve can be omitted, only the contactpart with the bore walls needs to be armored, covered, coated orsubjected to heat treatment on the projectiles, and even pure-steelprojectiles can be directly used, thereby obviously reducing the costand improving the productivity;

Under the condition of low requirements, it may even be considered touse a solid pure steel projectile without armor only to perform heattreatment to increase plasticity, or only to perform all or part ofcoating treatment on the pure-steel projectile, such as copper.Meanwhile, as there is no severe interaction with rifling, the armor andcoating materials do not need to emphasize plasticity as common armormaterials, the material selection range is wider, which may furtherreduce costs;

8. As the fluid-propelled spinning projectile has the spinningcapability, when the technical scheme is applied to shelled projectiles,the tail fin is not required to be stable, so the shelling method candirectly shell from the right rear by utilizing the taper and windresistance of the projectile core, which will greatly simplify thestructure of the projectile sabot, simplify the shelling method, andsignificantly reduce the influence of the shelling process on theprojectile core. At the same time, since the volute grooves and voluteholes are both on the projectile sabot, the shape of the projectile coremay not be affected, or only there are pits on the bottom surface of theprojectile core, so the projectile core can maintain good aerodynamicperformance, and the pits at the bottom can also improve tail turbulenceand reduce front and rear pressure drag, and also use large-caliberpropellant and barrel to fire sub-caliber ammunition, thus obtaininggreat range, especially suitable for weapon systems such as machineguns, machine cannons, anti-aircraft guns, long-distance sniping andanti-equipment that pursue range;

9. The volute grooves or volute through-hole projectiles can becompatible with the existing one-section rifled bore weaponssimultaneously, and the through holes or volute grooves are favorablefor guiding the boundary layer airflow to the vacuum at the rear of theprojectiles, thereby reducing the front and rear pressure drag of theprojectiles, and the airflow can also stabilize the rotation speed ofthe projectiles;

10. In theory, large-caliber barrel and propellant can be used to firevarious existing standard projectiles of any sub-caliber and variousnon-fluid-propelled spinning projectiles by shelling.

11. For sectional rifled bore barrel or smooth bore barrel, theinteraction between barrel and projectile can be gradually reduced torelease stress by gradually expanding the diameter of barrel throughtransition section, thus avoiding disturbance to projectile postureresulting from sudden disappearance of the acting force between barreland rifling when projectile is finally discharged from the bore andsudden change of projectile stress occurs, improving precision andreducing dispersion of points of impact;

12. For sectional rifled bore barrel or smooth bore barrel, a part offuel gas can be released in advance through the clearance fit section toavoid a large amount of fuel gas, which reduces the influence ofpropellant gas after effect on the posture of the projectile exiting thebore when it is suddenly released at the muzzle after being blocked bythe projectile;

13. Wide applicability. The technical scheme can be applied to barrelweapons of various calibers, including guns, cannons, phalanxes, etc.;

14. As the effect of the projectile and barrel is greatly reduced, thereis no notch cut by rifling on the surface of the projectile. This notchoften penetrates into the surface of the projectile and is extremelyirregular as well, which not merely increases the wind resistance butaffects the precision of the points of impact. When multi-section smoothbore barrel and fluid-propelled spinning projectiles are used, thesurface of the projectile is especially complete;

15. The fluid-propelled spinning projectile can twist the projectilethrough the external ballistic airflow, so the internal ballisticpropellant gas can be more used to raise the initial speed of theprojectile, and when matched with the smooth bore barrel, especially themulti-section smooth bore barrel, the speed is increased to a higherextent;

16. By adjusting the barrel shapes of numerous different weapon systemsthat need unified ammunition supply, a given ammunition can be bettermatched with many weapons with different barrel lengths and differentpurposes simultaneously, thus solving the problem of unified ammunitionsupply.

17. Tail hole stabilization furnishes a new method of flightstabilization, and this method of stabilization can be combined with themodes of tail fin and rotation respectively to form compositestabilization and increase stabilization effect. And it is well knownthat the modes of tail fin stabilization and rotation stabilization areusually difficult to combine.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE ATTACHED DRAWINGS Description of the AttachedDrawings

There are altogether 28 attached drawings in this Instruction, of which

FIG. 1 to FIG. 5 are schematic diagrams of multi-section barrel, and

FIG. 6 to FIG. 28 are schematic diagrams of fluid-propelled spinningprojectiles, which will be described one by one in the following withreference to the implementation ways.

IMPLEMENTATION WAYS

The main body of the technical scheme includes the following parts, oneis the barrel, the other is the projectile, and the projectile sabot andits connection with the projectile core, which are explained one by onewith the attached schematic diagrams.

Statement: to avoid being too complicated and affecting the reading ofthe drawings by those skilled in the field, some parts that are known inthe field and do not belong to the inventive content of this patent,such as the depression in front of the projectile sabot for joyriding,etc., are omitted in the following drawings.

The multi-section barrel comprises a precursor section and a transitionsection or/and a twisting section, wherein the three sections are rifledbore barrels or smooth bore barrels; part or all of the said precursorsection and the projectile are in tight fit, including interference fit;the diameter of the said twisting section is larger than that of thesaid precursor section and is in clearance fit with part or all of theprojectile; and the diameter of the said transition section graduallybecomes larger.

The said twisting section can also be called a clearance fit section.Usually, the said transition section is initially between the saidprecursor section and the said twisting section, but it can also form acomplete barrel with the precursor section only.

Specifically including, without limitation, at least the followingseveral typical barrel implementation ways:

1) Smooth bore precursor section+smooth bore transition section;

2) Smooth bore precursor section+smooth bore twisting section;

3) Smooth bore precursor section+smooth bore transition section+smoothbore twisting section;

4) Rifled bore precursor section+rifled bore transition section;

5) Rifled bore precursor section+rifled bore clearance fit section;

6) Rifled bore precursor section+rifled bore transition section+rifledbore clearance fit section.

8) Rifled bore transition section;

9) Rifled bore transition section+rifled bore clearance fit section;

10) Smooth bore transition section;

11) Smooth bore transition section+smooth bore clearance fit section;

That is, as mentioned in the previous technical scheme, the parameterssuch as the length of the three sections can be adjusted and taken aszero when necessary, and technicians in this field can select differenttechnical schemes to implement based on needs.

At the same time, in each scheme, after the precursor section or beforethe transition section, another throat shrinkage section can befollowed, that is, the diameter of the barrel is reduced and thenexpanded.

For the smooth bore barrel, when passing through the precursor section,the projectile seals the propellant gas to make precursor accelerationto the projectile, and when passing through the twisting section, thepropellant gas flows through the volute grooves or volute through holeson the projectile or the projectile sabot to make precursor accelerationand twist acceleration to the projectile simultaneously. The transitionbetween the said precursor section and the twisting section may be astep transition, a slope surface transition, an arc surface transition,or another curved surface transition, which makes the diameter of thebarrel gradually expand. The above-mentioned transitions refer to thatin the cross-sectional views of the transition part along the axis, thecurve of the transition part is simply referred to as the transitioncurve, presenting steps, straight lines, arcs, or any other curves.

For the rifled bore barrel, when the projectile passes through theprecursor section, it is no different from the existing rifled borebarrel weapon, while in the transition section, as the diameter of thebarrel gradually increases, the acting force among the rifling, thebarrel and the projectile gradually decreases, thus avoiding thevibration resulting from the sudden change of the stress of theprojectile when the projectile finally exits the bore, so as to improvethe precision and reduce the dispersion of points of impact. At the sametime, a part of propellant gas can also be gradually released in theclearance fit section to avoid the disturbance of the reaction force onthe barrel due to the sudden release and expansion of the gas blocked bythe projectile at the barrel orifice as the projectile leaves the bore.

The main function of the transition section is to gradually reduce theinteraction between the barrel and the projectile, and to decrease theimpact of sudden changes in projectile stress on the motion posture ofthe projectile, regardless of whether to the smooth bore barrel orrifled bore barrel.

FIG. 1 to FIG. 5 below are schematic cross-sectional views of thismulti-section barrel. Some details, including wall thickness, have beensimplified to highlight the main features. The slight serration of somecurves in the figures is caused by the defects of CAD drawing softwareitself.

As shown in FIG. 1, it is a schematic cross-sectional view of amulti-section smooth bore barrel with step transition, in which 1 is aprecursor section, 2 is a transition step, and 3 is a twisting section.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the slope transition, in which 1 isa precursor section, 2 is a slope transition, the transition curve is astraight line, 3 is a transition section, and 4 is a twisting section.

FIG. 3 is a curve transition, in which 1 is a precursor section, 2 is acurved surface transition, the transition curve is a curve, 3 is atransition section, and 4 is a twisting section.

FIG. 4 is also a curve transition, but the transition section is prettylong and extends to the vicinity of the barrel orifice. In the figure, 1is a transition section, 2 is a curved surface transition, thetransition curve is a curve, 3 is a twisting section and 4 is a barrelorifice.

FIG. 5 shows that the transition section extends all the way to thebarrel orifice. In the figure, 1 is a transition section, 2 is a curvedsurface transition or slope transition, the transition curve is a curveor a straight line, and 3 is a barrel orifice. In this example, thebarrel from the form has only a precursor section and a transitionsection, and there is no clear twisting section, but a part in thetransition section that is in clearance fit with the projectile canstill exist.

Although the above diagrams display the situation of smooth bore barrel,they are also applicable to rifled bore barrel.

The length of the transition section can be selected based on needs andrelevant calculations and experiments, and can be very long or veryshort. If necessary, the said transition section can be very long up tothe vicinity of the barrel orifice. The barrel can also include only aprecursor section and a transition section.

A fluid-propelled spinning projectile, wherein at the tail of theprojectile, two or more volute grooves or volute holes are symmetricallyor uniformly arranged around the axis of the projectile, includingthrough holes or blind holes, the said volute grooves can be straight orcurved surfaces, and the said curved surfaces can include bending in oneor more dimensions. The said volute holes are inclined holes, one ofwhich is opened at the bottom surface or the side surface of theprojectile. The one is a through hole after passing through theprojectile, and otherwise, it is a blind hole whose axis is bifacialfrom the projectile axis and forms an angle, and its form includesstraight hole or curved hole, and the bending of curved hole includesbending of one or more dimensions;

Simultaneously, further smooth and transitional treatment can beconducted between each surface of the volute groove, especially betweenthe bottom surface and the vertical surface and at each orifice of eachvolute through hole, so as to guide the axially flowing fluid, includingpropellant gas, to the radial direction.

A fluid-propelled spinning projectile, comprising an armor or bulletshell and a steel core, or only a steel core, i.e. pure steelprojectile, or to clad or coat the steel core or to give heat treatmentto change one or more of its plasticity, elasticity, air tightness,degree of finish, friction coefficient and other properties. When usedfor a sectional smooth bore barrel, the acting force is far less thanthat of a conventional bore barrel due to no rifling but smooth innerwalls. Besides, the inner walls of the barrel fit the shape of theprojectile, and the propellant gas can be sealed without largedeformation. Therefore, the structural requirements of the projectilecan be simplified, and the related processes and materials of leadsleeve can be omitted, only the contact part with the bore walls needsto be armored, covered, coated on the projectiles.

If the requirements are not high, even pure steel pellets can bedirectly used, or only part or all of the pure-steel projectile can betreated, and the said treatment includes one or more of heat treatment,coating and cladding.

FIG. 6 and FIG. 7 display projectiles symmetrically provided with sixstraight-surface volute grooves. FIG. 6 is a three-dimensionalaxonometric view. In the figure, 1 is a volute groove, 2 is a projectilebottom surface, 3 and 4 are both volute groove elevations, and 5 is avolute groove bottom surface. FIG. 7 is a three-dimensional front view,in which 1 is a volute groove and 2 is a projectile bottom surface.

FIG. 8 is a projectile symmetrically provided with three curved-surfacevolute grooves. The length, width, angle, radian, height, shape, etc. ofthe volute grooves in each figure can be further adjusted as required.

FIG. 9 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a projectile withfive volute through holes. FIG. 10 is a corresponding two-dimensionalblock diagram. The situation of the through holes is best illustrated bythe block diagram. FIG. 11 is a two-dimensional block diagram of frontview. In all these three diagrams, 1 is a volute through hole and 2 is aprojectile bottom surface. It can be seen that the volute through holepasses from the projectile bottom to the rear side surface of theprojectile in this example.

FIG. 12 and FIG. 13 are the three-dimensional schematic diagram andtwo-dimensional block diagram of the projectile provided with fourvolute through holes. In this example, the through holes are very shortand cut off from the projectile bottom surface to the outer side surfaceof the rear of the projectile. This setting method results in lowtwisting efficiency, but when the bore pressure of propellant gas issufficient, the projectile can be twisted, and in the whole operationprocess of the projectile after being unloaded from the bore, theairflow reversely flows through the through holes so as to have littleside effect of reversely propelling and twisting the projectile.Undoubtedly, the advantage of reducing the front and rear pressure dragof the projectile by introducing air to the tail is decreased as well.This scheme can be used regardless of whether there is an bearing bandor not. It is also true to replace volute through holes with a volutegroove or to use in combination with it. However, the volute groove isslightly more difficult to process and has greater influence on theaerodynamic shape of the projectile, which may lead to higher windresistance. Similarly, for the case of twisting the projectile throughan external trajectory, it is just possible to, by adjusting the lengthand size of the hole, the number of through holes and variousinclination angles and shapes of the through holes, etc., adjust theexternal ballistic airflow passing through volute through holes so as totwist the projectile, and the taper of the projectile body can beadjusted if necessary so as to adjust the windward area of the inlet ofvolute through holes to increase or decrease the twisting force.

FIG. 14 and FIG. 15 show the case where the volute hole is a blind hole.At this time, the volute blind hole has an orifice only at the rear end,and the blind hole is filled with energetic materials such as gunpowder,and its burning rate is not higher than that of propellant used by theprojectile. The said energetic materials are fixed in the blind hole andcan be fixed by binders, preferably energetic binders, includingcollodion, etc. After firing, due to the relationship among the blindhole, inclination angle and the burning rate of energetic materials, theenergetic materials in the blind hole will continue to burn, which cannot merely propel the projectile forward in the driving section, buttwist the projectile in the twisting section. After exiting the bore,the projectile can continue to twist the projectile, and meantime, thegenerated gas can also supplement the vacuum behind the projectile andreduce the pressure drag before and after the projectile.

Since there is additional power in the blind hole to twist theprojectile at this time, and it continues to twist the projectile evenafter leaving the bore, the length of the twisting section can becompressed, and the length of the precursor section can be increased toobtain higher kinetic energy of the projectile outlet. If necessary, thetwisting section can be eliminated, and even the transition section canbe further compressed to a minimum. This volute blind hole projectilecan also be directly used in existing pure rifled bore barrel or puresmooth bore barrel weapons.

These volute blind holes, volute through holes and volute grooves canalso be used in combination with the above schemes, i.e. one or more ofvolute through holes, blind holes and volute grooves existsimultaneously on the projectile.

For projectiles with bearing bands, the volute grooves or volute holesmay not pass through the bearing bands, cut off behind them, or passthrough all or part of the bearing bands from below the bearing bands.

FIG. 16 and FIG. 17 display projectiles provided with five volutethrough holes. The volute through holes are opened from the rear of theprojectiles, enter the interior of the projectiles, pass through a totalof two bearing bands from the bottom of the bearing bands, and then passto the surface of the projectiles.

FIG. 16 is a schematic diagram of three-dimensional axial measurement,and FIG. 17 is a corresponding block diagram. In the two figures, 1 is avolute through hole, 2 is an bearing band, 3 is an bearing band, 4 is avolute through hole, and 5 is a projectile bottom surface. 6 in FIG. 17is a volute through hole.

FIG. 18 and FIG. 19 show the case where volute through holes passthrough one bearing band to the middle of the two bearing bands.Definitely, the through hole can only go to the rear of the bearing bandwithout passing through the bearing band, obviously the same is true forthe volute blind hole.

In the two figures, 1 is an bearing band, 2 is an bearing band, 3 is avolute through hole, and 4 is a volute through hole.

When the multi-section barrel is used to fire the said fluid-propelledspinning projectile, the projectile firstly passes through the precursorsection of the barrel, and at least a part of the projectile in thissection is tightly fit with the barrel, including interference fit, sothe projectile is tightly fit with the bore wall, sealing the propellantgas, forcing the gas to propel the projectile to accelerate forwardmovement in the barrel. When entering the twisting section, at least apart of the projectile is in clearance fit with the bore wall, and theairflow enters the clearance and flows out through the volute grooves orvolute through holes, thus driving the projectile to accelerate forwardon the one hand and accelerate rotation on the other hand.

As the extrusion and friction between the smooth bore barrel and theprojectile are much smaller than that of the rifling, the length of thebarrel required for the smooth bore barrel to reach the same advancingspeed is lower for ammunition with the same caliber and propellant.Therefore, for a weapon system using a multi-section barrel to fire thesaid fluid-propelled spinning projectile, there must be a specificprecursor section length. At the end of this section, the precursorspeed of the projectile is equal to the exit speed of rifled boreweapons with the same caliber, the same propellant and the sameprojectile shape, and the length of the precursor section is obviouslysmaller than the total length of the barrel of the rifled bore weaponswith the same caliber. Therefore, the length can be set as the referencelength of the precursor section and adjusted as necessary, so that thepropellant energy can be reasonably distributed between the precursorenergy and the rotational energy of the projectile, and the precursorsection can be zero if necessary.

On the one hand, when the total length of the barrel and other factorsare fixed, the longer the precursor section, the higher the precursorspeed of the projectile, and the lower the rotational speed; the longerthe twisting section, the lower the precursor speed, and the higher therotational speed. In the meanwhile, when the total length of the barrelis fixed, the lengths of these two sections tend to be one another, thusthe influence becomes more obvious. On the other hand, the higher thespeed, the greater the wind resistance of the projectile, the more thegas flow can flow through the volute through holes and volute grooves,thus twisting the projectile.

Therefore, various parameters, including the number, diameter, height,length, various inclinations, radians, curvatures and shapes of thevolute grooves or volute holes, including the shapes of all sides of thevolute grooves, and one or more of the total length of the weaponbarrel, the length of the barrel precursor section, the length of thetwisting section, the length of the transition section and thetransition curve, can be further adjusted to reasonably distribute thepropellant energy between the precursor energy and the rotational energyof the projectile.

Simultaneously, in the twisting section, on the one hand, the propellantgas still has strong pressure to propel the projectile forward, on theother hand, the propellant gas twists the projectile through the volutegrooves or volute holes to ensure the stability of the trajectory.Hence, while ensuring the firing precision, the kinetic energy of theprojectile outlet will be greater than the rifled bore weapons with thesame barrel length, the same caliber and the same propellant.

Apart from the conventional method mentioned above, since the volutegrooves or volute through holes can pass under the bearing band andextend from the rear of the bearing band to the front of it (the head ofthe projectile is front and the bottom of the projectile is rear, thesame below), propellant gas in the precursor section will leak throughthe volute grooves or volute through holes to a certain extent. Due tothe extremely high bore pressure, huge twisting force will be generatedon the projectile, but due to the tight fit between the projectile andthe bore wall, friction resistance will render it difficult to rotateand make the projectile produce stress. After entering the twistingsection, on the one hand, the friction force preventing rotation willdisappear rapidly, but the twisting force will still be maintained. Atthis time, it will produce an effect similar to the sudden rupture ofbowstring after drawing a bow, and the projectile will rotate at a highspeed.

This scheme can be applied to the case where special high speed rotationis required.

In particular, for the case of using the volute groove, the bearing bandmaterial can be selected appropriately to press the bearing band intothe volute groove due to its tight fit with the inner wall (bore wall)of the barrel when the projectile is in the precursor section, thusblocking the volute groove to prevent the propellant gas from leaking.When the projectile reaches the twisting section, without the pressureof the bore wall, the bearing band returns to its original state, and onthe one hand, it bulges to prevent the propellant gas from leakingdirectly from the gap between the projectile and the bore wall while onthe other hand, the passage of the volute groove is cleared again, sothat the propellant gas principally passes through the volute groove tobypass the leakage of bearing band, thus twisting the projectile. Onthis basis, a bulge with a specific shape and protruding into the volutegroove can be further arranged at the bottom of the bearing band, sothat in the precursor section, the bearing band is pressed, the bulge ispressed toward the axis, thus reaching the bottom of the volute grooveand blocking the volute groove. While in the twisting section, the shapeof the bearing band is restored, the bulge is separated from the bottomof the volute groove, and the volute groove unblocks the flow ofpropellant gas from the volute groove, thus twisting the projectile.

The conical-tail shelled projectile using the fluid-propelled spinningtechnical scheme can use propellant gas to propel the projectile coreand twist the projectile core because the projectile sabot is providedwith volute grooves or volute holes, so the projectile core does notneed a tail fin for stabilization, thus the projectile sabot structurecan be simpler, and the shelling can be directly done from the rear as awhole.

That is, the tail of the projectile core is designed into a taper with athick front and a thin rear, or a cylinder or a tapered frustum with athick front and a thin tail end, while the projectile sabot can behollow or cup-shaped, including a bottom-leaking cup-shaped one or apushpin-shaped one; its structure is symmetrically or uniformly designedalong the central axis and is hollow or cup-shaped, includingbottom-leaking cup-shaped. Its hollow part has the same taper with athick front and a thin rear as the rear of the projectile core. In thisway, the said projectile sabot is sleeved on the projectile core fromrear to front like a taper sleeve.

When the multi-section barrel is used for firing, the projectile sabotand the bore wall in the precursor section are tightly fit, includinginterference fit, so that the gas can be sealed. At the same time, asthe gas thrust area of the projectile sabot is much larger than that ofthe projectile core, the projectile sabot is tightly pressed on theprojectile core like a taper sleeve, propelling the projectile toaccelerate forward. In the twisting section, propellant gas leaks outfrom the clearance between the projectile and the barrel through thevolute grooves or volute through holes on the projectile sabot, thuspropelling the projectile to accelerate forward on the one hand, andtwisting the projectile sabot on the other hand, and driving theprojectile core for twisting via the friction belt between theprojectile sabot.

When the projectile leaves the gun muzzle, as the wind resistance of theprojectile sabot is much larger than that of the projectile core, andbecause of the symmetry of the windward face of the projectile sabot andits overall symmetry, the projectile sabot will move right asternrelative to the projectile core, and the projectile sabot will shelllike the taper sleeve is pulled out, and the shelling process will havelittle influence on the projectile core.

It is also possible to arrange a plurality of pits at the bottom of theprojectile core with the axis of the projectile core as the center,which are uniformly or symmetrically arranged around the center. Thepits include various forms, such as cones, the taper of which is thickoutside and thin inside, i.e. close to the bottom orifice and thickinside, while the projectile sabot takes on a cup shape at this time,including a bottom-leaking cup shape, and the bottom of the saidbottom-leaking cup-shaped finger cup is provided with one or moreair-permeable through holes or grooves, including pushpin-shaped ones.At this time, the bottom of the corresponding projectile sabot has oneor more bulges corresponding to the pits at the projectile bottom core.When the pits of the projectile core have a taper, the taper of thebulges of the projectile sabot also corresponds to the taper of the pitsat the projectile bottom core.

Alternatively, the projectile sabot may be in the shape of a pushpinwith one or more needle tips, i.e., there is no projectile sabot wall,only the projectile sabot bottom and bulges, and the volute grooves andvolute holes are arranged at the bottom of the projectile sabot, thesaid needle tips are bulges corresponding to the pits at the bottom ofthe projectile core, and the said bulges may also be provided with oneor more air-leakage through holes or grooves, and when the pits of theprojectile core are tapered, the taper of the bulges at the bottom ofthe projectile sabot also corresponds to the pits at the bottom of theprojectile core.

At this time and in this part, the projectile core is sleeved on thebulge of the projectile sabot like a taper sleeve. The connectionbetween the projectile core and the projectile sabot can also drive andtwist the projectile. After the projectile exits the bore, as theprojectile sabot has a joyride design and is symmetrical along the axisof the projectile, the projectile sabot is also shelled right asternrelative to the projectile core due to high wind resistance and symmetryaround the axis. Moreover, in order to avoid the formation of vacuumbetween the projectile core and the projectile sabot, which results inthe difficulty of shelling, enough holes or grids can be left at theprojectile sabot bottom, i.e. the cup bottom and the pushpin bottom.This scheme and the former scheme can be either used separately or incombination.

Furthermore, bulges or grooves of similar guide keys and keyways can bearranged on the surfaces of the said bulges and pits; or the said pitsand bulges are processed into a cylindrical shape, and internal orexternal guide splines or spline-like structures are arranged on thesaid pits and bulges, the said internal and external guide splines moverelatively to a limited position along the axial direction, and may befreely pulled out in reverse movement. Air-leakage through holes or gapscan also be arranged on the bulges at the inner bottom of the saidprojectile sabot to prevent vacuum generated in the pits from hinderingshelling during shelling, and the said internal and external guidesplines can also be processed with taper so as to be pulled out duringreverse movement.

FIG. 20 and FIG. 21 are examples of bottom-leaking cup-shaped projectilesabots. FIG. 20 is a schematic perspective view, and FIG. 21 is anaxonometric block diagram, in which a conical pit is arranged on thebottom surface of the projectile core with the axis as the center, and aconical bulge is correspondingly arranged on the inner bottom of theprojectile sabot, both of which have the same taper. During assembly,this part of pits of the projectile core are sleeved with the bulge ofthe projectile sabot like a taper sleeve, and the said pits and bulgesurface can also be provided with bulges or grooves of similar guidekeys and keyways;

It is also suggested to process the pits and bulges into cylindricalshapes, and to arrange internal or external guide splines or spline-likestructures on them to twist the projectile core and facilitate backwardpullout. The said guide splines refer to that splines are movable in theaxial direction, but the relative movement of the projectile sabot andprojectile core in the axial direction has a limit position, but thereverse movement of the projectile sabot and projectile core in theaxial direction is free. The said keys, keyways, internal and externalsplines and similar mechanisms can also be provided with taper tofacilitate smoother axial movement.

As a preference, two or more pits at the bottom of the said projectilecore and bulges at the bottom of the projectile sabot can be provided,and are uniformly or symmetrically arranged around the axis of theprojectile core, and each bulge at the bottom of the said projectilesabot corresponds to a pit at the bottom of the projectile core, and thewhole projectile sabot at this time is hollow, cup-shaped,bottom-leaking cup-shaped, and pushpin-shaped.

FIG. 22 is an example in which a plurality of pits and bulges areuniformly arranged around the axis. The said pits and bulges havecorresponding tapers to facilitate propelling in, twisting in andpulling out the projectile core. While the through holes at the bottomensures that no vacuum is formed between the projectile sabot cup andthe projectile core during shelling, resulting in difficulty inshelling. The through holes at the bulges ensure that no vacuum isformed between the projectile sabot bulge and the projectile core pitduring shelling, resulting in difficulty in shelling. The volute throughholes extend to the middle of the two bearing bands, and can also extendto other positions definitely.

In the figure, 1 is an bearing band, 2 is a volute through hole, 3 is athrough hole on the bottom surface of the projectile sabot, 4 is anbearing band, 5 is a volute through hole, 6 is a through hole on thebottom surface of the projectile sabot, 7 is a through hole on the bulgepart of the bottom surface of the projectile sabot. The through holepasses through the tapered bulge part on the outer bottom and innerbottom of the said projectile sabot to prevent vacuum from beinggenerated between the bulge part of the projectile sabot and the concavepart of the projectile core during shelling. The whole projectile sabotis sleeved with the projectile core in the direction indicated by thearrow in the figure, while on the bottom surface of the projectile core,the projectile core pit is sleeved with the bulge at the projectilesabot bottom like a taper sleeve, and the said projectile core can bevarious standard bullets or shell projectiles or othernon-fluid-propelled spinning projectiles.

FIG. 23 is a three-dimensional schematic view from another angle, whichcan clearly show the bulge at the bottom of the projectile sabot. FIG.24 is a three-dimensional cross-sectional schematic view of theprojectile sabot through its axis. FIG. 25 is a three-dimensionalschematic view from another angle of its cross-section. In the figure, 1is an bearing band, 2 is a projectile sabot wall, and its taper can beclearly seen from the figure. When there is no projectile sabot wall,the volute grooves and volute holes are arranged at the bottom, whichare like pushpins, 3 is a through hole at the bulge part of theprojectile sabot bottom, 4 is a bulge of the inner projectile sabotbottom, 5 is a through hole of the projectile sabot bottom, and 6 is aprojectile core.

FIG. 26 is a left-view two-dimensional block diagram of the saidprojectile core and projectile sabot. The left side is a projectile coreand the right side is a projectile sabot, and tapered pits inside theprojectile core can be clearly seen.

In the above-mentioned schemes, the projectile sabot and the projectilecore can be fixed by a binder, and the said binder should have a smalladhesive strength or easily lose the adhesive strength at hightemperature. Thus, on the one hand, the projectile sabot and theprojectile core can be relatively fixed during transportation, which isconvenient for transportation, while on the other hand, the residualadhesive strength in the twisting section after firing can also help theprojectile sabot to twist the projectile core. When the projectile isflushed out of the barrel, the binder losing its adhesive strength dueto high temperature will not prevent the projectile sabot from shellingbackward.

For projectiles without bearing bands, a circle of bulges can be formedon the projectile body through cladding or other means, thus obtainingthe effect of similar bearing bands. When the bulges are arranged infront of the orifices of the volute through holes, part of the boundarylayer airflow can be squeezed out, thus reducing the boundary layerairflow entering the volute grooves or volute through holes andaffecting the posture of the projectiles.

Apart from that, for all the above cases with and without bearing bands,it is also possible to fill the volute grooves or volute through holeswith some filler, which can be a substance decomposed at hightemperature, so that when the projectile is in the precursor section,the volute grooves or volute through holes is blocked by the volutegrooves or volute through holes to seal the propellant gas, and when theprojectile reaches the twisting section, the filler has been decomposedat high temperature, and the volute grooves or volute through holesguide the propellant gas to propel the twisting projectile smoothly.

Moreover, the number, height, length, angle with the axis of the saidvolute grooves or volute through holes as well as many other numerousangles, curved radian, shape of each surface of the volute groove,including shape and size of the tail cone of the projectile can beselected and configured to realize distribution of propellant gas energybetween the projectile precursor speed and rotation speed throughfurther calculation and experiments based on different projectilerequirements, and relevant parameters can be taken as zero if necessary.

THE BEST IMPLEMENTATION EXAMPLE FOR THE PRESENT INVENTION The BestImplementation Mode for the Present Invention

A barrel weapon system comprising a multi-section smooth bore barrel andfluid-propelled spinning projectiles, which can be guns and cannons ofvarious calibers, including machine guns or machine cannons, and variousphalanxes, etc. The said fluid-propelled spinning projectiles are firedthrough the said multi-section smooth bore barrel.

A weapon system comprising a multi-section rifled bore barrel andnon-fluid-propelled spinning projectiles. Non-fluid-propelled spinningprojectiles including various standard ammunition are fired through thesaid multi-section rifled bore barrel, which can be guns or cannons ofvarious calibers, including machine guns, machine cannons, as well asvarious phalanxes. Due to the huge interaction between the precursorsection projectiles and the barrel, as the barrel diameter graduallyincreases through the transition section, the interaction is graduallyreduced, so that when the projectile comes from the orifice, the stresson the projectile has been gradually released, thus avoiding thesituation in which the interaction between the projectile and the barrelsuddenly disappears when the projectile comes out of the barrel in thecurrent rifled bore weapon system, thus causing the sudden change of theprojectile stress, resulting in the posture change and affecting theprecision.

A weapon system using a smooth bore barrel and the before-mentionedfluid-propelled spinning projectiles, the said smooth bore barrel andsome or all of the said fluid-propelled spinning projectile formclearance fit. The typical use of the system is mortar. As shown in FIG.27, 1 is a volute through hole, 2 is a volute through hole, and 3 is ablasting hole (there are multiple such blasting holes), 4 is aprojectile bottom surface, and 5 is a primer mounting hole.

FIG. 28 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the projectile bottompassing through the axis, in which 1 is a powder chamber used forplacing explosives, 2 is a blasting hole, 3 is a projectile bottomsurface, 4 is a blasting hole, 5 is a primer mounting hole, 6 is apropellant chamber used for mounting a propellant column. The originalpropellant chamber shown in the figure is a tapered frustum, anddefinitely, it can also be designed as a cylinder, or combined with theprimer, so that the propellant and primer can also be used in commonwith the propellant column of the existing mortar projectile, and thegun carriage and barrel part can also be used in common with theexisting mortar.

This mortar projectile uses the firing apparatus of the existing mortar.Since its barrel is smooth bore and forms a clearance fit with theprojectile, it can directly propel the projectile by gas flow and twistthe projectile to obtain a stable trajectory, thus eliminating the tailfin. Furthermore, the air resistance is greatly reduced due to therotation of the projectile itself, so the precision and range will beraised under the same caliber and the same propellant, and the existinglauncher only needs to replace bullets, and even the primer of theprojectile is used in common to the maximum extent.

A weapon system using a multi-section smooth bore barrel to fire varioustypes of tail fin-stabilized shelled projectiles, including tailfin-stabilized shelled armor-piercing projectiles, gradually reduces thesaid interaction through a transition section due to the interactionbetween the projectile and the barrel in the precursor section,including friction force and resistance generated by deformation of theprojectile sabot or the bearing band, so that the stress on theprojectile when it comes from the orifice is gradually released, so asto avoid the sudden disappearance of the said interaction when theprojectiles exit the barrel in the current weapon system, which causesthe stress of the projectiles to suddenly change, thus results in theposture change and affects the precision, especially suitable forlarge-caliber smoothbore gun systems firing long-rod armor-piercingprojectiles with stable tail fins.

A howitzer system comprising a multi-section smooth bore barrel andfluid-propelled spinning projectiles. The howitzer is loaded withprojectiles through the bottom, which boasts various advantages over thecurrent mortar system. First of all, as the bearing band in the drivingsection is tightly fitted with the bore wall, propellant gas can besealed, and good centering effect can be achieved. Besides, theprojectile can spin through the twisting action of the twisting section,thus reducing air resistance and stabilizing the trajectory and postureof the external trajectory. Therefore, it is difficult to achieve therange and precision of the mortar system by the current mortar system.

Moreover, the mortar system does not need a tail fin because of itsrelatively high initial speed and stable spin, which makes the structureof the shell simpler and lower in cost. In the meanwhile, due to itshigher speed and more stable flight, the projectile body itself does notneed to follow the aerodynamic principle too strictly, its head can bemore round and blunt, and its rear can be more stocky, thus carryingmore explosives. What's more, the bottom filling can make the operatorcrawl all the way and reduce the probability of casualties.

Direct firing can also be realized simultaneously, and even automaticcontinuous firing can be achieved simply by matching the projectiledrum, continuous firing mechanism and sighting telescope.

A weapon system comprising a multi-section barrel and fluid-propelledspin shell projectiles, wherein the said multi-section barrel is in thebefore-mentioned form of smooth bore; the said fluid-propelled spinningshelled projectile comprises a projectile sabot and a projectile core;the projectile sabot is symmetrically designed around a central axis andis provided with a groove for joyriding at the front end; and volutegrooves or volute through holes are arranged at the rear or tail of theprojectile sabot in the manner described above. Besides, the projectilesabot is hollow and cup-shaped, and comprises a bottom leakage cup shapeand a pushpin shape. Therein, the cavity is a frustum or cone with taperat the front and thick and thin at the back, and the rear of theprojectile core also has the same taper, so that the projectile sabotcan be sleeved on the projectile core from rear to front like a tapersleeve.

Similarly, it is also suggested to set a tapered pit at the bottom ofthe said projectile core, the taper of which is large outside and smallinside, while the bottom of the projectile sabot is also provided with abulge with a corresponding taper to push into the pits at the bottom ofthe projectile core. At this time and in this part, the projectile corebecomes a taper sleeve which is sleeved on the bulge of the projectilesabot, and the bulge part of the projectile sabot can also be providedwith through holes, so as to avoid difficulty in shelling or influenceon the posture of the projectile core due to the formation of vacuum inthe projectile core pit during shelling.

When the projectile is excited, in the precursor section of the barrel,part or all of the projectile sabot is tightly fitted with the barrel,including interference fit, so as to seal the propellant gas and propelthe projectile sabot forward through the propellant gas, while the tapersleeve connection between the projectile sabot and the projectile core,the propelling of the cup bottom and the top of the pushpin enable theprojectile sabot to propel the projectile core to accelerate forward; inthe twisting section, as the propellant gas still has huge thrust, onthe one hand, the projectile sabot is continuously propelled forward toaccelerate, and on the other hand, the projectile sabot is still tightlypressed on the projectile core, so that the projectile can be twistedthrough the friction force between the projectile sabot and theprojectile core. For cup-shaped or bottom-leaking cup-shaped andpushpin-shaped projectile sabots, the projectile core can also betwisted through the pit and bulge structure at the bottom. After theprojectile is flushed out of the barrel, due to the design of thejoyriding groove at the front end of the projectile sabot, its windresistance is much greater than that of the projectile core, and thestructure is symmetrical around the axis of the projectile core, so theforce is uniform. Therefore, under the action of wind resistance, theprojectile sabot is pulled out right astern relative to the projectilecore, just like the taper sleeve is pulled out, thus avoidinginterference to the projectile core to the greatest extent.

The projectile sabot and the projectile core can also be fixed by abinder, including energetic binder. The said binder should have smalladhesive strength or easily lose adhesive strength at high temperature.In this way, on the one hand, the projectile sabot and the projectilecore can be relatively fixed during transportation, which is convenientfor transportation, while on the other hand, in the twisting section,its residual adhesive strength can also help the projectile sabot totwist the projectile core; and when the projectile is flushed out of thebarrel, the binder losing its adhesive strength due to high temperaturewill not prevent the projectile sabot from shelling backward.

When cup-shaped structure is adopted, including bottom-leakingcup-shaped structure, elastic materials can also be used for the bottomor/and the walls of the projectile sabot, so that in the process ofpropelling the projectile core by the projectile sabot in the bore, theprojectile sabot bottom will generate compressive stress anddeformation, the thrust of propellant gas on the projectile sabotdisappears after exiting the bore, and the huge acting force between theprojectile sabot and projectile core will propel the projectile coreforward continuously while propelling the projectile sabot backward,thus accelerating shelling.

As the volute grooves and volute holes are both on the projectile sabot,the shape of the projectile core is almost unchanged, and there are onlypits on the bottom surface, so the aerodynamic shape of the projectilecore can be unaffected, and pretty good aerodynamic performance can bemaintained. Apart from that, since large-caliber barrel andlarge-caliber propellant can be used, standard projectiles with goodaerodynamic shape can be used as the projectile core and fired through alarge-caliber projectile sabot, so extremely long range and stabletrajectory can be obtained. Furthermore, since the acting force betweenthe projectile and the barrel is much smaller than that of the rifledbore weapon, the barrel is less jumpy, the stability of continuousshooting is high, and the heating of the barrel is reduced as well.Therefore, it is especially suitable for long-range sniper rifles oranti-equipment rifles, light and heavy rifles or machine guns or machinecannons, anti-aircraft machine guns, and multi-barrel phalanxes.

A system and method for firing conventional ammunition using amulti-section barrel. Various standard ammunition includingnon-fluid-propelled spinning projectiles of various calibers are firedthrough the multi-section barrel. The said multi-section barrel includesa smooth bore or a rifled bore, and the said standard ammunitionincludes military, police bullets of various calibers as well ascivilian bullets. For example, the multi-section rifled barrel,including a driving section+a transition section, or a clearance fitsection, fires various existing standard bullets or shells; by using amulti-section smooth bore barrel, including a driving section+atransition section, or a clearance fit section, it fires various tailfin-stabilized shelled projectiles, etc. The stress of the projectile isgradually released through the transition section, thus avoidingdisturbance to the posture of the projectile resulting from suddenrelease of stress from the existing weapon system till the barrelorifice, and at the same time, a part of fuel gas can be released inadvance through the clearance fit section to avoid a large amount offuel gas. When it is suddenly released centrally at the muzzle afterbeing choked by the projectile, its reaction force disturbs the barrel.This part of fuel gas contains propellant that is still burning andexpanding, especially when the barrel is short. Therefore, it expandsviolently and assumes hemispherical expansion (the fuel gas has aprecursor speed), so it has a relatively strong reaction force againstthe barrel orifice, and it is difficult to control the reaction forceacting on the barrel orifice.

A spinning projectile rifled bore weapon system, which firesfluid-propelled spinning projectile through a conventional rifled borebarrel.

The movement of the projectile in the bore is no different from that ofa common rifled bore weapon system, but after the projectile leaves thebore, the air flow on the surface of the projectile body is introducedinto the said volute grooves or volute through holes and guided to theprojectile bottom, thus filling the vacuum generated behind theprojectile due to the high-speed forward movement of the projectile,thereby reducing the front and rear pressure drag of the projectile.

In addition, after the projectile leaves the bore, the surface airflowof the projectile flows from front to rear through the said volutegrooves or volute through holes, and the projectile can also be twisted(definitely, the rotation direction is opposite, so the relevantparameters of the volute grooves or volute through holes need to bematched with the direction in which the projectile is twisted by therifling), so that the reduction of the rotation speed of the projectileresulting from friction can be avoided. Also, the length and size ofvolute through holes, the number of through holes and variousinclination angles and shapes of through holes can be further adjusted,so as to adjust the external ballistic airflow passing through thethrough hole and further adjust the twisting force on the projectile,the taper of the projectile body if necessary; and it also adjusts thewindward area at the entrance of the volute through holes to adjust thetwisting force and resistance.

INDUSTRIAL PRACTICABILITY

Whether it is a multi-section barrel or a fluid-propelled spinningprojectile, it requires few additional processes and mature processingmeans compared with the existing barrel and projectile, and the existingequipment can meet the precision requirements. At the same time, for themulti-section barrel, the performance of the weapon system can beobviously enhanced by replacing a new barrel without any changes to theammunition, and the problem of uniform ammunition supply for the samegun family can be solved. Thus, its industrial practicability is beyonddoubt.

The above is a preferred implementation way of the present invention. Itshould be noted that for those skilled in this technical field, severalimprovements and embellishments can be made without departing from thesaid principles of the present invention, and these improvements andembellishments should also be deemed as the scope of protection of thepresent invention.

What is claimed is:
 1. A fluid-propelled spinning projectile,characterized by comprising volute holes symmetrically or evenlyarranged around the projectile or the axis of projectile core at therear or tail of projectile or projectile seat, and the said volute holesinclude through hole and blind hole.
 2. The fluid-propelled spinningprojectile in claim 1, characterized in that: passive armor layer andsteel core may be made of pure steel projectile, and if pure steelprojectile is adopted, part or all of the said pure steel projectilewill be treated, including one or more of heat treatment, coating andcladding.
 3. The fluid-propelled spinning projectile in claim 1,characterized in that the volute through hole or volute blind hole ofthe said fluid-propelled spinning projectile is one or more of volutegroove, volute through hole or volute blind hole.
 4. The fluid-propelledspinning projectile in claim 1, characterized in that one or morebearing bands or bulges similar to bearing bands are arranged on thesurface of projectile around the axis of the projectile, and the saidvolute groove or volute hole is at the rear of the said bearing band orbulge or passes under part or all of the said bearing bands or bulges.5. The fluid-propelled spinning projectile in claim 4, characterized inthat the said volute groove or volute hole is blocked by squeezingbearing band in the said volute groove or volute through holes; afterthe said bearing band restores its original state, the said volutegrooves or volute through holes are unobstructed and the fluid flowsthrough the said volute grooves or volute through holes to propel theprojectile forward or rotate.
 6. A multi-section barrel, characterizedby comprising any two or all parts (A+B/C, A+B+C, B+C) of A, B and Csections, wherein the A, B and C sections are rifled bore barrels orsmooth bore barrels, the said Section A forms a tight fit with part orall of the projectile used, including interference fit, the said SectionC is larger than the said Section A in diameter and forms clearance fitwith part or all of the said projectiles, and the said Section Bgradually increases in diameter; when only the said Section B isincluded, the section curve of the said Section B is an arc or aspecific curve.
 7. According to the multi-section barrel described inclaim 8, it is characterized in that: a throat shrinkage section isfollowed after Section A or before Section B, and when only Section B isincluded after the throat shrinkage section, the section curve ofSection B is one or more of step, oblique line, arc line, or specificcurve.
 8. A fluid-propelled spinning projectile weapon system,characterized by comprising the said fluid-propelled spinning projectileof claim 1 and a smooth bore or rifled bore barrel through which thesaid fluid-propelled spinning projectile is fired, and the said smoothbore or rifled bore barrel comprising a one-section barrel or amulti-section barrel.
 9. A weapon system using multi-section barrel andnon-fluid-propelled spinning ammunition, characterized by comprising thesaid multi-section barrel of claim 6 and non-fluid-propelled spinningammunition of various calibers, and the said non-fluid-propelledspinning ammunition is fired through the said multi-section barrel. 10.A method for stabilizing volute holes, characterized by comprisingsymmetrically or uniformly arranged volute through holes around the coreaxis of an object in a fluid or flow field; the posture of the saidobject in the fluid or flow field is stabilized by the action of fluidflowing through the said volute through holes, and there are 2 or moreof the said volute through holes.
 11. The said stabilizing method basedon claim 10, characterized by comprising a tail fin arranged on the saidobject.
 12. A fluid-propelled spin-stabilized cone-tail shelledprojectile, including a projectile seat and a projectile core,characterized by comprising the tail of the said projectile core is ataper with a thick front and a thin rear, or a tapered frustum with athick front and a thin rear; the said projectile seat is symmetricallyor uniformly arranged around the axis of the projectile core, and thewhole projectile seat is hollow or cup-shaped including a bottom-leakingcup-shaped one, and the hollow part of the bottom-leaking cup-shaped oneis provided with a taper with a thick front and a thin rearcorresponding to the tail of the projectile core; the said projectileseat is like a taper sleeve, which is sleeved on the projectile corefrom the rear to the front, and shelled to the rear of the projectilecore after the projectile leaves the bore.
 13. The said fluid-propelledspin-stabilized cone-tail shelled projectile based on claim 12,including a projectile seat and a projectile core, characterized bycomprising symmetrically arranged volute grooves or volute holes aroundthe axis of the projectile core in the rear or tail of the projectileseat.
 14. The said fluid-propelled spin-stabilized cone-tail shelledprojectile based on claim 12, characterized in that a binder, includingan energetic binder, is disposed between the projectile seat and theprojectile core, and the adhesive strength of the said binder willrapidly decrease or disappear at high temperatures.
 15. The saidfluid-propelled spin-stabilized cone-tail shelled projectile based onclaim 14, characterized in that: the bottom or/and the walls of theprojectile seat are made of elastic materials.
 16. The saidfluid-propelled spin-stabilized cone-tail shelled projectile based onclaim 15, characterized by comprising a pit arranged at the bottom ofthe said projectile core, and a bulge which propels into the pitarranged at the bottom of the projectile seat.
 17. The saidfluid-propelled spin-stabilized cone-tail shelled projectile based onclaim 16, characterized in that the pit at the bottom of the saidprojectile core has a taper, and the bulge at the bottom of theprojectile seat has a taper corresponding to the pit of the saidprojectile core; or guide keys and keyways or similar bulges and groovesare arranged on the surfaces of the bulges and pits; or the said pit andthe bulge are processed into a cylindrical shape, and the pit and thebulge of the cylinder are provided with internal and external guidesplines or similar structures, the said internal and external guidesplines have limited relative movement along the axial direction, andcan freely come out when moving backward along the axial direction; andthere are air-leakage through holes or grooves on the bulges at thebottom of the said projectile seat mentioned above.
 18. The saidfluid-propelled spin-stabilized cone-tail shelled projectile based onclaim 17, characterized in that: there are two or more pits at thebottom of the said projectile core and bulges at the bottom of theprojectile seat, which are uniformly or symmetrically arranged aroundthe axis of the said projectile core, and each bulge at the bottom ofthe projectile seat corresponds to a pit at the bottom of the saidprojectile core, at which time the whole projectile seat is cup-shaped,bottom-leaking cup-shaped, pushpin-shaped, or provided withair-permeable through holes or grooves on the bulges at the bottom ofthe projectile seat.